urban realms model differences sector model

Example: Starfish-like growth during streetcar suburbs era with Concentric Zone Model (sketch).How can a model be extended to become more realistic?.Not the point of a model to exactly replicate all aspects of reality.Are any of these models just like Tucson?.Proximity to other locations (universities, airport, malls) can generate clusters of high-intensity land use.Basic concept: cities don’t grow up around a single core but have several nodes.Developed by two geographers: Chauncey Harris & Edward Ullman in 1945 based on Seattle, Washington.How realistic are they for an auto-age metropolis like Tucson?.Both the concentric zone and sector models are monocentric representations of urban areas.This theory is particularly good for residential land use.Lower-class residential along “the tracks” coming in and out of town.High-class residential on higher ground or along an environmental amenity (e.g., wooded ravine).Why do land use areas take wedge shapes?.Concentric zone model requires redevelopment to change the amount of residential land use of different types.As growth occurs, similar activities stay in the same area and extendoutwards.Discuss: Concept of “environmental justice”.Why is lower-class residential where it is shown?.Which side is high-class residential? Why?.Carter (1995) Urban Geography 4th Edition. Does the “side” of town matter in Tucson?.Wedge-shaped land use zones: like pieces of pie.But important factor is not distance from CBD as in the concentric zone model, but direction away from CBD.He posited a CBD around which other land uses cluster.Based his model on a huge study of housing values in more than 100 cities.This model proposed by a land economist working for U.S.May have moved out from Zone 2 boarding houses as begin to assimilate, prosper, start families Important theoretical under-pinnings for this model provided by economists such as Alonso and Muth (who borrowed von Thunen’s ideas!) Single-family residences streetcar suburbs

Model based on Chicago, so rings are only semi-circular due to Lake Michigan 1A CBD Proper 1B Fringe of CBD 2 Zone in Transition or ‘Gray Zone’ 3 Lower Income Housing 4 Higher Income Housing 5 Commuters’ Zone 4 3 2 Wholesaling, warehousing, truck & railroad depots >things that service CBD uses cannot afford extreme land values of CBD proper may need more land These uses haved moved out to circumpherential highways CBD = “Central Business District” In Chicago: “The Loop” Dept stores, office bldgs, banks, hotels, theaters > things that service entire metro area 1B 1A Mixed residential and commercial usesOlder residential area former homes of well-to-do have trickled down to low-income Businesses and light manufacturing, print shopsZone of slums, rooming houses, newly arrived immigrants Suburban areas containing satellite cities Burgess called this ring: “Zone of Independent Workers’ Housing”Industrial workers.Urban ecology: groups of people occupy over time different areas of the city like different plant species.New field in 1920s called human ecology based on ideas from biology such as: Geographically the city was visualized like 5 or 6 major rings, such as from a cross-section of a tree.Based on a study of land use patterns and social group dynamics in Chicago.Proposed by Burgess – A sociologist at the University of Chicago: 1925 book titled The City.Conceptual models~ideas about how a system functions Three classic conceptual urban models:.Analogue models~ transform some properties to simulate real system.Scale or “iconic” models~ English model village.A textbook definition: An idealized representation of a part of reality which is constructed so as to demonstrate certain of its properties.-Yeates and Garner, The North American Cityġ.What’s a model? Different kinds of models:.Best synonym: a model = “a representation”.8, 182-184 (Traditional Models) Optional: Phillips & LeGates Wheeler & Muller “It is a very fundamental principle, indeed, that knowledge is always gained by the orderly loss of information.” -Kenneth E. Geography/Planning 379 “Urban Growth & Development” Lecture 5: Urban Land Use Models What’s a Model? Concentric Zone Model (Burgess) Sector Model (Hoyt) Multiple Nuclei Model (Harris & Ullman) Urban Realms Model (Vance aka “Pepperoni Pizza” Model) READING Required: Textbook, Ch.

Urban realms model differences sector model